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To encapsulate this data, we'll use a simple Java class that follows the basic Java Bean specifications (public set/get methods for each instance field). If you're following along add this class to package org.apache.struts.register.model in the Coding Struts 2 Actions example.
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public class Person { private String firstName; private String lastName; private String email; private int age; public String getFirstName() { return firstName; } public void setFirstName(String firstName) { this.firstName = firstName; } public String getLastName() { return lastName; } public void setLastName(String lastName) { this.lastName = lastName; } public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge( int age) { this.age = age; } public String toString() { return "First Name: " + getFirstName() + " Last Name: " + getLastName() + " Email: " + getEmail() + " Age: " + getAge() ; } } |
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To collect the above information we'll use a Struts 2 form. When creating this form the key concept we need to employ is to tie each form field to a specific instance field of an object of type Person. Let's look over the form first and then discuss some key points. Create a view page named register.jsp (in WebContent (Ant version) or src/main/webapp (Maven version) )
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" /> <title>Register</title> </head> <body> <h3>Register for a prize by completing this form.</h3> <s:form action="register"> <s:textfield name="personBean.firstName" label="First name" /> <s:textfield name="personBean.lastName" label="Last name" /> <s:textfield name="personBean.email" label ="Email"/> <s:textfield name="personBean.age" label="Age" /> <s:submit/> </s:form> </body> </html> |
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Here is the Action class used for this example. Place it in package org.apache.struts.register.action.
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package org.apache.struts.register.action; import org.apache.struts.register.model.Person; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class Register extends ActionSupport { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private Person personBean; @Override public String execute() throws Exception { //call Service class to store personBean's state in database return SUCCESS; } public Person getPersonBean() { return personBean; } public void setPersonBean(Person person) { personBean = person; } } |
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When SUCCESS is returned by the execute method we want to display a simple thank you page that shows the user's registration. Add the thankyou.jsp below to either WebContent (Ant) or src/main/webapp (Maven).
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" /> <title>Registration Successful</title> </head> <body> <h3>Thank you for registering for a prize.</h3> <p>Your registration information: <s:property value="personBean" /> </p> <p><a href="<s:url action='index' />" >Return to home page</a>.</p> </body> </html> |
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To specify the relationship between the form submission page, the Struts 2 Action class, and the success view page we need to add an action node to struts.xml. Add this action node to struts.xml (src folder (Ant version) or src/main/resources (Maven version) ) after the hello action and before the closing package node.
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<action name="register" class="org.apache.struts.register.action.Register" method="execute"> <result name="success">/thankyou.jsp</result> </action> |
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So that the user can find the registration page, add this link to index.jsp
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<p><a href="register.jsp">Please register</a> for our prize drawing.</p> |
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