Transaction Annotations

also see Testing Transactions for an example of how to use and test EJB transaction attributes

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Usage of the @TransactionAttribute requires you to specify one of six different transaction attribute types defined via the javax.ejb.TransactionAttributeType enum.

• TransactionAttributeType.MANDATORY
• TransactionAttributeType.REQUIRED
• TransactionAttributeType.REQUIRES_NEW
• TransactionAttributeType.SUPPORTS
• TransactionAttributeType.NOT_SUPPORTED
• TransactionAttributeType.NEVER

Per EJB 3.0 the default transaction attribute for all EJB 3.0 applications is REQUIRED. The default transaction attribute for EJB 2.1, 2.0 and 1.1 applications is vendor specific. In OpenEJB EJB 2.1, 2.0 and 1.1 applications also use REQUIRED as the default.

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The "Transacted" and "Not Transacted" categories represent the container guarantee, i.e. if the bean method will or will not be invoked in a transaction. The "Failing", "Correcting", and "No Change" categories represent the action take by the container to achieve that guarantee.

For example, Never and Mandatory are categorized as "Failing" and will cause the container to throw an exception to the caller if there is (Tx Never) or is not (Tx Mandatory) a transaction in progress when the method is called. The attributes Required, RequiresNew, and NotSupported are categorized as "Correcting" as they will cause the container to adjust the transactional state automatically as needed to match the desired state, rather than blocking the invocation by throwing an exception.

Detailed description of each Attribute

MANDATORY

A MANDATORY method is guaranteed to always be executed in a transaction. However, it's the caller's job to take care of suppling the transaction. If the caller attempts to invoke the method outside of a transaction, then the container will block the call and throw them an exception.

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@Stateless
public static class MyBean implements MyBusinessInterface {

    @TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.MANDATORY)
    public String codeRed(String s) {
        return s;
    }

    public String codeBlue(String s) {
        return s;
    }
}

• codeRed will be invoked with the attribute of MANDATORY
• codeBlue will be invoked with the default attribute of REQUIRED

On Classes

@Stateless
@TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.MANDATORY)
public static class MyBean implements MyBusinessInterface {

    public String codeRed(String s) {
        return s;
    }

    public String codeBlue(String s) {
        return s;
    }
}

• codeRed and codeBlue will be invoked with the attribute of MANDATORY

Mixed on classes and methods

@Stateless
@TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.SUPPORTS)
public static class MyBean implements MyBusinessInterface {

    @TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.NEVER)
    public String codeRed(String s) {
        return s;
    }

    public String codeBlue(String s) {
        return s;
    }

    @TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.REQUIRED)
    public String codeGreen(String s) {
        return s;
    }
}

• codeRed will be invoked with the attribute of NEVER
• codeBlue will be invoked with the attribute of SUPPORTS
• codeGreen will be invoked with the attribute of REQUIRED

Illegal Usage

Generally, transaction annotationss cannot be made on AroundInvoke methods and most callbacks.

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