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For the most part, these templates are standard HTML/XHTML; Tapestry extensions to ordinary markup are provided in the form of a Tapestry XML namespace (xmlns):
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<html t:type="layout" xmlns:t="http://tapestry.apache.org/schema/tapestry_5_34.xsd"> <h1>Bonjour from HelloWorld component.</h1> </html> | ||||
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We'll cover the specific content of templates shortly, but first a few details about connecting a component to its template.
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Template Localization
Main Article: Component Templates Localization
Templates are handled in much the same way as individual files of a component's message catalog: the effective locale is inserted into the name of the file. Thus a German users will see the content generated from MyPage_de.tml and French users will see content generated from MyPage_fr.tml. When no specific localization is available, the default location (MyPage.tml) is used.
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It is necessary to enable support for a locale before Tapestry will attempt to localize to that locale. This requires configuration in your application module (usually AppModule.java); if you are using the Tapestry Quickstart archetype, only locale "en" will be enabled by default. |
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| Tapestry 5.3 introduced two significant improvements to template Doctypes. A template without a is parsed as if it had the HTML Doctype ({{}}). In fact, Tapestry creates an in-memory copy of the template that includes the doctype. A template with the HTML Doctype ({{}}) is parsed _as if_ it had the XHTML transitional Doctype. In fact, Tapestry creates an in-memory copy of the template that replaces the line. This applies as well to a template without any Doctype, in which case the XHTML transitional Doctype is inserted at the top. In either case, this means you can use arbitrary HTML entities, such as {{©}} or {{ }} without seeing the XML parsing errors that would occur in earlier releases. |
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The following example is a Layout component, which adds basic HTML elements around the page-specific content:
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Support for the <t:content> element was adding in Tapestry release 5.1. You must use the http://tapestry.apache.org/schema/tapestry_5_1_04.xsd or http://tapestry.apache.org/schema/tapestry_5_3.xsd or (or ...5_3 or ...5_1_0.xsd) namespace URI for content to be recognized (otherwise you will see an error about a missing "content" component).
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Support for the <t:remove> element was added in Tapestry release 5.1. You must use the http://tapestry.apache.org/schema/tapestry_5_1_04.xsd or http://tapestry.apache.org/schema/tapestry_5_3.xsd (or ...5_3 or ...5_1_0.xsd) namespace URI for remove to be recognized (otherwise you will see an error about a missing "remove" component).
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Under the covers, expansions are the same as parameter bindings. The default binding prefix for expansions is "prop:" (that is, the name of a property or a property expression), but other binding prefixes are useful, especially "message:" (to access a localized message from the component's message catalog).
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Embedded components may have two Tapestry-specific parameters:
- id: A unique id for the component (within its container).
- mixins: An optional comma separated list of mixins for the the component.
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Any other attributes are used to bind parameters of the component. These may be formal parameters or informal parameters. Formal parameters will have a default binding prefix (usually "prop:"). Informal parameters will be assumed to be literals (i.e., the "literal:" binding prefix).
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- via the t:type attribute in the containing template, as in the above example, or
- within the containing component's Java class using the @Component annotation (and using the t:id attribute on the element in the template). The Component annotation is attached to a field; the type of the component is determined by either the type of the field or the type attribute of the Component annotation.
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Parameter Namespaces
Main Article: Component TemplatesParameters
Parameter namespaces (introduced in Tapestry 5.1) are a concise way of passing parameter blocks to components.
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This approach has certain efficiency advantages on both the server (less processing to render the page) and on the client (fewer characters to parse). Tools such as FireBug Firefox Developer Tools and Chrome Developer Tools are useful for allowing you to view the rendered HTML on the client properly.
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<t:extend xmlns:t="http://tapestry.apache.org/schema/tapestry_5_3.xsd">
<t:replace id="title">
<h1><img src="${context:images/icon.jpg}"/>
Customer Service</h1>
</t:replace>
</t:extend>
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