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Work In Progress

Work In Progress

NuttX 10.2 has not been released yet. These Release Notes are a work-in-progress in preparation for the next release of NuttX.  There is a board tracking the PRs that need to be looked at to add to this doc for the OS TODO ADD LINK and for the Apps TODO ADD LINK

What's New In This Release

Highlights

  • Feature 1
  • Feature 2
  • Feature 3

Major Changes to Core OS

New Features

Bug Fixes

Major Changes to the Build System

New Features

Bug Fixes

Architectural Support

New Architecture

Architectures with significant improvements

ARM

CXD56XX

STM32

STM32L4

STM32L5

S32K1XX

IMX6

IMXRT

RP2040

NRF52

STM32H7

STM32F7

Renesas

RX65N

Risc-V

RV64

ESP32C3

BL602

Xtensa

ESP32

Minor changes

Simulator

New Features

Bug Fixes

Documentation

New Features

Improvements

Driver Support

Bug Fixes

New Driver Support

Board Support

New Board Support

Boards With Significant Improvements

ARM

CXD56

IMX6

IMXRT

LPC17XX_40XX

NRF52

RP2040

SAM34

STM32

STM32L4

STM32F4

STM32F7

STM32H7

KINETIS

RISC-V

BL602

C906

ESP32C3

XTENSA

ESP32

TIVA

Minor Board Changes

ARM

CXD56

Xtensa

File System

Bug Fixes

Significant Improvements

Networking

Improvements

Bug Fixes

Security Issues Fixed In This Release

Compatibility Concerns

Changes to Build System

LD Now Called Through GCC

When building NuttX with GCC toolchains, the linker is now called through $(CROSSDEV)gcc rather than $(CROSSDEV)ld. This requires all linker options to be prefixed with -Wl, (dash, capital W, lower-case L, comma). All boards in the NuttX tree have been updated, but any custom out-of-tree boards will need to apply this change in the relevant parts of their build scripts.

The reason for this change is that GNU Binutils 2.36.x has added new error checking on command line arguments. This has had the effect that the NuttX build suddenly broke on host OS distributions that updated to the 2.36.x release line. Reports included Arch, Manjaro, and Ubuntu. Other host OSes are likely to be affected as well.

Symptoms

Your toolchain and board are affected if you see errors from LD like:

arm-none-eabi-ld: Error: unable to disambiguate: -nostartfiles (did you mean --nostartfiles ?)

or (following this change in NuttX) errors from GCC like:

arm-none-eabi-gcc: error: unrecognized command line option '--gc-sections'; did you mean '--data-sections'?

What to change

The most common change expected to affect most boards:

Change:

NXFLATLDFLAGS1 = -r -d -warn-common
NXFLATLDFLAGS2 = $(NXFLATLDFLAGS1) -T$(TOPDIR)/binfmt/libnxflat/gnu-nxflat-pcrel.ld -no-check-sections

to:

NXFLATLDFLAGS1 = -r -Wl,-d -Wl,-warn-common
NXFLATLDFLAGS2 = $(NXFLATLDFLAGS1) -T$(TOPDIR)/binfmt/libnxflat/gnu-nxflat-pcrel.ld -Wl,-no-check-sections

If doing a kernel build, you may need changes in your board's kernel/Makefile like:

Change:

USER_LDFLAGS = --undefined=$(ENTRYPT) --entry=$(ENTRYPT) $(USER_LDSCRIPT)

to:

USER_LDFLAGS = -Wl,--undefined=$(ENTRYPT) -Wl,--entry=$(ENTRYPT) $(USER_LDSCRIPT) -nostartfiles -nodefaultlibs

Change:

$(Q) $(LD) -o $@ $(USER_LDFLAGS) $(USER_LIBPATHS) $(OBJS) --start-group $(USER_LDLIBS) --end-group $(USER_LIBGCC)

to:

$(Q) $(LD) -o $@ $(USER_LDFLAGS) $(USER_LIBPATHS) $(OBJS) -Wl,--start-group $(USER_LDLIBS) -Wl,--end-group $(USER_LIBGCC)

Depending on your board's customized build scripts, you may need to look out for other make variables in your board's Makefile or Make.defs.

Some variables to look for:

  • ARCHSCRIPT
  • ARCH_LIBS
  • CCLINKFLAGS
  • EXTRALINKCMDS
  • LDELFFLAGS
  • LDENDGROUP
  • LDFLAGS
  • LDLINKFLAGS
  • LDMODULEFLAGS
  • LDSTARTGROUP
  • NXFLATLDFLAGS1
  • NXFLATLDFLAGS2
  • USER_LDFLAGS

Anything that executes LD, such as:

$(Q) $(LD) --entry=__start $(LDFLAGS) $(LIBPATHS) $(EXTRA_LIBPATHS) \

Anything that processes LD flags, such as:

$(LIBPATHS) "-(" $(LDLIBS) "-)" $(LDFLAGS) -Map="$(TOPDIR)$(DELIM)nuttx.map"

In general, any command line options destined for LD must be prefixed with -Wl, (dash, capital W, lower-case L, comma) since they are now being passed through GCC.

Examples

Change:

EXTRALINKCMDS += @$(TOPDIR)/syscall/syscall_wraps.ldcmd

to:

EXTRALINKCMDS += -Wl,@$(TOPDIR)/syscall/syscall_wraps.ldcmd

Change:

LDFLAGS += -gc-sections

to:

LDFLAGS += -Wl,-gc-sections

Change:

$(LIBPATHS) "-(" $(LDLIBS) "-)" $(LDFLAGS) -Map="$(TOPDIR)$(DELIM)nuttx.map"

to:

$(LIBPATHS) "-(" $(LDLIBS) "-)" $(LDFLAGS) -Wl,-Map="$(TOPDIR)$(DELIM)nuttx.map"

Change:

NXFLATLDFLAGS1 = -r -d -warn-common

to:

NXFLATLDFLAGS1 = -r -Wl,-d -Wl,-warn-common

Change:

ifeq ($(CONFIG_CYGWIN_WINTOOL),y)
  LDFLAGS += -Map="${shell cygpath -w $(TOPDIR)/nuttx.map}" --cref
else
  LDFLAGS += -Map=$(TOPDIR)/nuttx.map --cref
endif

to:

ifeq ($(CONFIG_CYGWIN_WINTOOL),y)
  LDFLAGS += -Wl,-Map="${shell cygpath -w $(TOPDIR)/nuttx.map}" -Wl,--cref
else
  LDFLAGS += -Wl,-Map=$(TOPDIR)/nuttx.map -Wl,--cref
endif

Also, if you have assigned the LD variable, it would need to change as well:

Change:

LD = $(CROSSDEV)ld

to:

LD = $(CROSSDEV)gcc

References

More Information

How to Download

Release artifacts for all current and past NuttX releases can be downloaded at:

How to Clone the Git Repository

The Apache NuttX project uses Git SCM as its version control system.

There are two primary repositories:

  • nuttx - The real time operating system itself.
  • apps - Optional applications and example programs for the operating system. You can use this repository or make your own custom one.

The main "Single Source of Truth" repositories are hosted by the ASF:

These are synchronized with repositories hosted at GitHub:

How to Contact the Community

The main forum for project communication, to ask a question, get involved, or contribute to NuttX, is our mailing list, dev@nuttx.apache.org. The list is publicly archived and searchable at https://lists.apache.org/list.html?dev@nuttx.apache.org. For more information, see NuttX Community.

Enthusiastic Contributors Welcome!

NuttX is a free open-source project. If you'd like to participate, whether it's to enhance documentation (even these release notes) or dive into the nitty gritty of some low-level drivers, please join us! You can join the conversation at our dev mailing list by emailing dev-subscribe@nuttx.apache.org. The mailing list is open to the public and archived. You can browse older messages at https://lists.apache.org/list.html?dev@nuttx.apache.org.

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